Simple Present Tense

Adalah kalimat yang digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa atau kejadian sehari-hari.

• Pattern (rumus) :

A. Verbal (kata kerja)

(+)       S + Verb I + O + Keterangan

(-)        S + Do/Does + Not + Verb I + O + Keterangan

(?)        Do/Does + S + Verb I + O + Keterangan

Contoh :

(+)       You read news paper everyday

(-)        You do not read news paper everyday

(?)        Do you read news paper everyday?

Yes, I do          No, I do not

(+)       She writes letter in the class room

(-)        She does not write letter in the class room

(?)        Does she write letter in the class room?

Yes, she does   No, she does not

B. Non Verbal

Dibedakan menjadi 3, yaitu :

a. Adjective (kata sifat)

(+)       S + Tobe + Adjective

(-)        S + Tobe + Not + Adjective

(?)        Tobe + S + Adjective

Contoh :

(+)       My father  is funny

(-)        My father is not funny

(?)        Is My father funny?

Yes, He is        No, He is not

(+)       They are busy

(-)        They are not busy

(?)        Are They busy?

Yes, They are   No, They are not

b. Noun (kata benda yang berwujud profesi)

(+)       S + Tobe + Noun

(-)        S + Tobe + Not + Noun

(?)        Tobe + S + Noun

Contoh :

(+)       Your mother is a teacher

(-)        Your mother is not a teacher

(?)        Is your mother a teacher?

Yes, she is        No, She is not

(+)       Your boy friend is a doctor

(-)        Your boy friend is not a doctor

(?)        Is your boy friend a doctor?

Yes, He is        No, He is not

c. Adverb (kata keterangan)

Dibedakan menjadi 4 :

1. Adverb of place ( keterangan tempat)

Kata keterangan tempat biasanya di awali dengan Preposition (kata depan) yaitu : In, On, Beside, Behind, At, To, Top, Over, Above, Below, Under, Under, In front of, Back, Opposite, Corner, Middle, Side, dll.

2. Adverb of time ( keterangan waktu)

Kata keterangan waktu yaitu : Second, minute, Hour, Day, Week, Month, Year.

- Adverb of frequency (keterangan frekuensi)

Kata keterangan Frekuensi yaitu : Always, Usually, Sometimes, Seldom, Rarely, Generally, Often, dll.

- Adverb of manner (keterangan cara)

kata sifat yang ditambah akhiran ly, yang artinya “ dengan …”

contoh : fastly → dengan cepat

carefully → dengan hati-hati

(+)       S + Tobe + Adverb

(-)        S + Tobe + Not + Adverb

(?)        Tobe + S + Adverb

Contoh :

(+)       They are in the class room

(-)        They are not in the class room

(?)        Are they in the class room?

Yes, They are   No, They are not

(+)       He is on the tree

(-)        He is not on the tree

(?)        Is he on the tree?

Yes, He is        No, he is not

Note :

• Kata kerja Bantu :

“Do” untuk subjek →  I, You, They, We

“Does” untuk subjek → He, She, It

• Tobe Present : Is, Am, Are

Tobe “Is” untuk subjek → He, She, It

Tobe “Am” untuk subjek → I

Tobe “Are” untuk subjek → You, They, We

• Time Signal (tanda waktu) : Always, Seldom, Usually, Every ….. (everyday, every week, every month, every year) dll.
• Verb → + S     → Kalimat simple present

→ Subjeknya kata ganti orang ketiga tunggal

→  Verb atau kata kerjanya tidak berakhiran O, X, SS, CH, SH

Contoh :           Write    → Writes         Read → Reads             Need → Needs

Verb → + ES   → Kalimat simple present

→ Subjeknya kata ganti orang ketiga tunggal

→ Verb atau kata kerjanya berakhiran O, X, SS, CH, SH

Contoh :           Go → Goes     Do → Does     Wash → Washes

Verb → I +ES → Kalimat simple present

→ Subjeknya kata ganti orang ketiga tunggal

→ Verb atau kata kerjanya berakhiran Y dan sebelum Y diawali   huruf konsonan, Maka Y berubah menjadi I + ES

Contoh :           Fly → Flies      Try → Tries     Carry → Carries